General work on languages of Vanuatu

Including some general work on languages of the region


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Anonymous 1872. Les Nouvelles-Hébrides et le groupe des Santa Cruz: Les langues de la Polynésie. Révue Britannique 510.

Anonymous 1901. Korean and Efate: Similarities between the Korean vocabulary and that of the Efate people. Korea Review 1:297-301, 341-344.

Cabalion, P. & Ph. Marat 1983. Introduction à la végétation, à la flore et aux noms vernaculaires de l'île de Pentecôte (Vanuatu). Journal d'Agriculture Traditionelle et Botanique 30,3-4:197-246 * An ethnobotanical and ethnolinguistic study of the native and introduced plants of Pentecost.

Charpentier, Jean-Michel 1982. Atlas linguistique du Sud-Malakula/Linguistic atlas of South Malakula (Vanuatu). Paris: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, and L'Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique [Langues et Cultures du Pacifique 2] * A massive comparative dictionary in two volumes: one a general introduction, the other a set of many hundreds of maps showing the distribution of words with the "same" meaning in the South Malakula languages.

Charpentier, Jean-Michel 1987. La numération au Sud-Malakula (Vanuatu). In Donald C. Laycock & Werner Winter (eds.), A world of language: papers presented to Professor S.A. Wurm on his 65th birthday. Canberra: PL, C-100:105-118 * A comparison of the numeral systems of 19 South Malakula languages and dialects.

Churchill, William 1911. The Polynesian wanderings: Tracks of the migration deduced from an examination of the Proto-Samoan content of Efaté and other languages of Melanesia. Washington: Carnegie Institution.

Clark, Ross 1978. The New Hebridean Outliers. In S.A. Wurm & Lois Carrington (eds.), Second International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics: Proceedings. Canberra: PL, C-61:911-928 * Examines the position of the three Vanuatu Outliers within the Polynesian subgroup of Oceanic, and shows that Mele-Fila and Futuna-Aniwa are quite closely related to each other.

Clark, Ross 1985. The Efate dialects. Te Reo 28:3-35 * Examines in detail similarities and differences between dialects spoken on Efate and neighbouring islands. Shows that while there appears to be a major north/south division, there is no obvious isogloss bundle clearly marking this division.

Clark, Ross 1986. Fagauvea and the southern Outliers. Te Reo 29:113-118.

Crowley, Terry 1993. Pre-1860 European contact in the Pacific and introduced cultural vocabulary. Australian Journal of Linguistics 13(2):119-63.

Crowley, Terry 1994. Linguistic demography: interpreting the 1989 census results in Vanuatu. Journal of multilingual and multicultural development 15(1):1-16.

Crowley, Terry 1995. The national drink and the national language in Vanuatu. JPS 104(1):7-22.

Crowley, Terry 1995. Melanesian languages: do they have a future?. OL 34(2):327-44.

Crowley, Terry 1999. Linguistic diversity in the Pacific: A review article. Journal of Sociolinguistics 3(1):81-103.

Crowley, Terry In press. The indigenous linguistic response to missionary authority in the Pacific.To appear in Te Reo 42 (1999).

Crowley, Terry In press. How many languages will survive in the Pacific?. To appear in a volume edited by Janet Holmes and Scott Allan. Special issue of Te Reo.

Crowley, Terry In press. Simplicity, complexity, emblematicity and grammatical change. To appear in Jeff Siegel (ed) Processes of language ccontact: Case studies from Australia and the Pacific. Montréal: Les éditions Fides.

Crowley, Terry In press. The socially responsible lexicographer in Oceania. To appear in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development.

Crowley, Terry In press. Borrowing into Pacific languages: Enrichment or threat?. To appear in Jan Tent and Paul Geraghty (eds) Borrowing: A Pacific Perspective. PL. Canberra: The Australian National University.

Gordon, G.N. 1861. Letter from Eromanga, 3 Apr. Home and Foreign Record, September; p.250 * Contains some grammatical notes.

Gordon, J.D. 1889. Sketch of the Eromangan grammar. In D. MacDonald (ed.), South Sea languages, vol. I. Melbourne: Melbourne Public Library; pp.61-84 * An outline sketch of one language with some data on others.

Humphreys, C.B. 1926. The southern New Hebrides: an ethnological record. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press * As part of an anthropological study, contains brief and usually unhelpful notes on languages on each of the islands in Tafea. xvi + 214pp.

Kern, Hendrik 1906. Taalvergelijkende verhandelingen over het Aneityumsch, met een aanhangsel over het klankstelsel van het Eromanga. Verhandelingen van de Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, afdeling Letterkunde 8:1-146 * A comparison of the languages of Aneityum and Erromango with Proto Austronesian, mainly looking at phonological developments.

Leverd, A. 1922. Polynesian linguistics, no. 2: New Hebrides. JPS 31:171-181.

Lynch, John & Kenneth Fakamuria F/c. Borrowed moieties, borrowed names: Sociolinguistic contact between Tanna and Futuna-Aniwa, Vanuatu. Pacific Studies 17,1 * Examines linguistic and sociological evidence which suggests that Tanna societies borrowed a moiety system from Futuna or Aniwa, which then later borrowed the Tanna names for their moieties.

Lynch, John (ed.) 1983. Studies in the languages of Erromango. Canberra: PL, C-79 * A collection of articles on the history and prehistory of the languages of Erromango, as well as descriptive studies of each of them. viii + 222pp.

Lynch, John 1977. On the history of the Tanna numerals and number-markers. Te Reo 20:3-28 * Shows how the Proto Oceanic numerals developed in different ways in Tanna, with numeral, number-marking prefixes to verbs, and number-marking suffixes to pronouns having different phonological histories.

Lynch, John 1978. Olgeta langwis blong saot. In Ron Brunton, John Lynch & D.T. Tryon (eds.), Man, langwis mo kastom long Niu Hebridis. Canberra: Development Studies Centre, Australian National University; pp.55-60 * Briefly outlines the internal and external relationships of the languages of the southern islands.

Lynch, John 1978. Proto-South Hebridean and Proto-Oceanic. In S.A. Wurm & Lois Carrington (eds.), Second International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics: Proceedings. Canberra: PL, C-61:717-779 * The first detailed attempt to show that the languages of Erromango, Tanna and Aneityum form a single subgroup of Oceanic, based mainly on phonological evidence.

Lynch, John 1983. Preliminary remarks on Proto-Erromangan. In John Lynch (ed.), Studies in the languages of Erromango. Canberra: PL, C-79:193-220 * A first attempt to reconstruct the phonology, grammar and vocabulary of the language ancestral to all the languages of Erromango. Due to the small amount of information available on most of them, the quality of the reconstructions are necessarily patchy.

Lynch, John 1983. The languages of Erromango. In John Lynch (ed.), Studies in the languages of Erromango. Canberra: PL, C-79:1-10 * A brief survey of the geography and recent history of the languages of Erromango, focussing on depopulation and resultant extinction of some languages.

Lynch, John 1986. The Proto-Southern Vanuatu pronominal system. In Paul Geraghty, Lois Carrington & S.A. Wurm (eds.), FOCAL II: Papers from the Fourth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics. Canberra: PL, C-94: 259-287 * An attempt to reconstruct the pronoun system of Proto Southern Vanuatu and to show continuities and innovations from Proto Oceanic.

Lynch, John 1992. "For my part ...": The grammar and semantics of part possession in the languages of Tanna. Australian Journal of Linguistics 12:249-270 * Shows how different part terms participate in different kinds of possessive constructions in Tanna languages, and suggests that degrees of inalienability are of importance in deciding what possessive construction will occur.

Lynch, John 1992. Verb-initial vowel accretion in Southern Vanuatu languages. In Tom Dutton, Malcolm Ross & Darrell Tryon (eds.), The language game: Papers in memory of Donald C. Laycock. Canberra: PL, C-110:235-240 * Shows how the majority of verbs in the languages of the Southern Vanuatu subgroup have accreted an initial vowel, and points to the difficulty in finding a historical explanation for this.

Lynch, John 1996. Proto Oceanic possessive marking. In John Lynch & Fa`afo Pat (eds.), Oceanic studies: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Oceanic linguistics. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, C-133:93-110.

Lynch, John 1996. On the relative instability of *tina- ‘mother’ in the languages of eastern Oceania. Language and Linguistics in Melanesia 27,1:67-81.

Lynch, John 1997. Proto-Oceanic *paRiu ‘cyclone’? Oceanic Linguistics 36,1:180-181.

Lynch, John 1997. On the origins of the possessive markers in Central Pacific languages. Oceanic Linguistics 36,2:227-246.

Lynch, John 1998. Pacific languages: An introduction. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press.

Lynch, John 1994. Melanesian sailors on a Polynesian sea: maritime vocabulary in Southern Vanuatu. In Andrew Pawley & Malcolm Ross (eds.), Austronesian Terminologies: Continuity and Change. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics C-127:289-300.* Describes how the non-Polynesian languages of the Tafea District have borrowed large numbers of terms relating to maritime vocabulary from Futuna-Aniwa and/or other Polynesian languages.

Lynch, John 1996. Kava drinking in southern Vanuatu: Melanesian drinkers, Polynesian roots. Journal of the Polynesian Society 105,1:27-40.

Lynch, John 1996. Liquid palatalization in Southern Vanuatu. Oceanic Linguistics 35,1:77-95.

Lynch, John & Fa’afo Pat (eds.) 1996. Oceanic Studies: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Oceanic Linguistics. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, C-133.

MacDonald, D. 1893. Efate, New Hebrides. Report of the Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science 4:720-735.

Masing, Helen Lobanga. 1992. Literacy practices in a small rural Ni-Vanuatu village. Unpublished MA dissertation. University of Technology. Sydney.

Mugler, France & John Lynch (eds.) 1996. Pacific languages in education. Suva: Institute of Pacific Studies (University of the South Pacific).

Mugler, France & John Lynch 1996. Language and education in the Pacific. In France Mugler & John Lynch (eds.), Pacific languages in education. Suva: Institute of Pacific Studies (USP); pp. 1-9.

Nevermann, H. 1953. Polynesier auf den Neuen Hebriden. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie 78:196-209.

Pawley, Andrew 1966. Polynesian languages: A subgrouping based on shared innovations in morphology. JPS 75,1:39-64 * As part of a general attempt to define the interrelationships of Polynesian languages, includes data from Emae and Futuna-Aniwa.

Pawley, Andrew 1967. The relationships of Polynesian Outlier languages. JPS 76,1:259-296 * Examines in detail the relationships of all Outlier languages (including the three in Vanuatu) to other Polynesian languages.

Ray, Sidney H. 1919-20. The Polynesian languages in Melanesia. Anthropos 14-15:46-96 * Grammatical and lexical comparisons of Polynesian Outlier languages in Melanesia and Micronesia, as an attempt to elucidate the problem of whether the Outliers are relics of the original eastward migration of Austronesians or whether they have their origins in Polynesia.

Ray, Sidney H. 1922. Les langues polynésiennes en Mélanésie. Bulletin de la Société des Études Orientales 6:10-22 * A French version of the preceding publication.

Ray, Sidney H. 1926. A comparative study of the Melanesian island languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; pp.139-146.

Ray, Sidney H. 1926. A comparative study of the Melanesian island languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; pp.348-356.

Tryon, D.T. 1986. Stem-initial consonant alternation in the languages of Epi, Vanuatu: a case of assimilation?. In Paul Geraghty, Lois Carrington & S.A. Wurm (eds.), FOCAL II: Papers from the Fourth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics. Canberra: PL, C-94:239-258 * Examines consonant alternation in verb-initial position in the languages of Epi as well as some other central Vanuatu languages and concludes that the phenomena are independent parallel developments.

Walsh, D.S. 1978. Wok blong faendemaot fasin blong mak-mo-mining ol i samting olsem long samfala langwis. In Ron Brunton, John Lynch & D.T. Tryon (eds.), Man, langwis mo kastom long Niu Hebridis. Canberra: Development Studies Centre, Australian National University; pp.49-53 * A brief explanation of the principles of comparative linguistics, using data from the five languages of Pentecost.

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