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Note that the spelling of language names in this map may not be the same as in the body of the text.
Masing, Helen Lobanga. 1992. Literacy practices in a small rural Ni-Vanuatu village. Unpublished MA dissertation. University of Technology. Sydney.
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Northeast Malekula
Other names: Nale
Reading:
Capell, A. 1935. Grammatical categories in the New Hebrides (A preliminary study of linguistic psychology in Malekula). BSOAS 8,1:189-202 * A discussion of some grammatical categories in Atchin, showing that conceptions of "time" and "object" are quite different in that language than in European languages.
Capell, A. & J. Layard 1980. Materials in Atchin, Malekula: grammar, vocabulary and texts. Canberra: PL, D20. v + 260pp * A sketch grammar, and some lexical and textual data in Atchin; some linguists have commented on the difficulty of using this work for comparative purposes.
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Group 14 (Aulua, Burmbar)
Other names: Benelang, Boinelang
Reading:
Ray, Sidney H. 1893. Sketch of Aulua grammar with vocabularies of Aulua and Lamangkau, Malekula, New Hebrides. Journal of the Anthropological Institute 22:386-397.
Ray, Sidney H. 1926. A comparative study of the Melanesian island languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; pp.273-283.
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Southeast Malekula
Other names: Ahamb, Limilandr
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Group 10 (Big Nambas, Maragus)
Reading:
Corlette, E.A.C. 1947. Langue des Big-Nambas: le Mallicolo (Nouvelles-Hébrides). Journal de la Société des Océanistes 3,3:57-92.
Fox, G.J. 1979. Big Nambas grammar. Canberra: PL, B-60 * A quite detailed outline of the phonology, morphology and syntax of this interesting language, with a number of texts. xii + 139pp.
Fox, Helen F/c. An honorific sub-dialect used among Big Nambas women. In John Lynch & Fa'afo Pat (eds.), Oceanic studies: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Oceanic Linguistics. Canberra: PL * Looks at lexical avoidance by women when addressing members of their husbands' family.
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Group 14 (Aulua, Burmbar)
Other names: Banan Bay, Vartabo
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group:
Other names: Small Nambas
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Group 12 (Lingarak, Katbol)
Other names: Bangasa, Grass Skirt, Nevaar, Nevat, Timbembe
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Southwest Malekula
Other names: Meaun, Mewun, Ninde
Reading:
Ray, Sidney H. 1926. A comparative study of the Melanesian island languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; pp.293-302.
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Group 11 (Larevat, Vinmavis, Litzlitz)
Other names: Laravat
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Small Nambas
Other names: South Small Nambas
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Group 12 (Lingarak, Katbol)
Other names: Bushman's Bay, Mindu, Wuli
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Group 11 (Larevat, Vinmavis, Litzlitz)
Other names: Lagalag, Lolnarrong, Netensal, Port Stanley
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Southwest Malekula
Other names: Milip, Nakahai, Orierh, Toman
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Group 9 (Malua Bay Mae)
Other names: Espiegle Bay, Middle Nambas
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Group 10 (Big Nambas, Maragus)
Other names: Maragaus, Tobah
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Southeast Malekula
Other names: Kuliviu
Reading:
Ray, Sidney H. 1926. A comparative study of the Melanesian island languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; pp.266-273.
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Northeast Malekula
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: ?Small Nambas
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Reading:
Crowley, Terry. 1998. A Salvage Sketch of Näti (Southwest Malakula, Vanuatu). Darrell Tryon (ed), Papers in Austronesian Linguistics No.5, pp.101-148. PL A-92. Canberra.
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Southeast Malekula
Other names: Lamap
Reading:
Charpentier, Jean-Michel 1979. La langue de Port-Sandwich (Nouvelles-Hébrides). Paris: SELAF [Langues et Civilisations à Tradition Orale 34] * A detailed phonological, morphological and syntactic description.
Charpentier, Jean-Michel 1991. Port Sandwich. In Darrell T. Tryon (ed.), Comparative Austronesian dictionary: An introduction to Austronesian studies. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter; pp.827-834.
Crowley, Terry In press. Port Sandwich. To appear in John Lynch, Malcolm Ross and Terry Crowley (eds), The Oceanic languages. London: Curzon Press.
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Small Nambas
Other names: Repanbitipmbangir
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language:
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Group 13 (Rerep, Unua)
Other names: Pangkumu, Tisman
Reading:
Morton, A. 1891. [Grammar of Pangkumu-Malekula]. In D. MacDonald (ed.), South Sea languages: A series of studies on the languages of the New Hebrides and other South Sea islands, vol. 2: Tangoan-Santo, Malo, Malekula, Epi (Baki and Bierian), Tanna, and Futuna. Melbourne: Trustees of the Public Library, Museums, and National Gallery of Victoria; pp.34-72.
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Southwest Malekula
Other names: Lamangkau, Nahapa, Seniang, Sinesip
Reading:
Ray, Sidney H. 1893. Sketch of Aulua grammar with vocabularies of Aulua and Lamangkau, Malekula, New Hebrides. Journal of the Anthropological Institute 22:386-397.
Ray, Sidney H. 1926. A comparative study of the Melanesian island languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; pp.302-311.
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Group 13 (Rerep, Unua)
Other names: Onua
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Northeast Malekula
Reading:
McKerras, Ross 1988. Singular, dual or plural. Notes on Translation 2,1:53-56 * Discusses number in Uripiv.
McKerras, Ross F/c. Borrowings in Uripiv. In John Lynch & Fa'afo Pat (eds.), Oceanic studies: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Oceanic Linguistics. Canberra, PL * Discusses the nature of borrowings in Uripiv, looking at grammatical changes taking place in the language as a result of these borrowings, as well as some "unnecessary" borrowings.
Ray, Sidney H. 1926. A comparative study of the Melanesian island languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; pp.284-293.
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Northeast Malekula
Other names: Fooa
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Group 11 (Larevat, Vinmavis, Litzlitz)
Other names: Banggor, Lambumbu, Telag, Winiv
Reading:
Crowley, Terry In Press Vinmavis. To appear in John Lynch, Malcolm Ross and Terry Crowley (eds), The Oceanic languages. London: Curzon Press.
Island name: Malakula
Proto-language: PCV
Ross Clark (1985) local group / Tryon (1976) sub-group: Northeast Malekula
Other names: Wowo
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